The UK government has announced a significant change to its transit rules, removing the requirement for non-European travelers passing through London Heathrow and Manchester airports to obtain an Electronic Travel Authorisation (ETA). The change applies to passengers who remain airside—those connecting to another flight without passing through UK border controls.
This exemption overturns a rule implemented in January 2025, which required non-European travelers, including Americans, to apply online for an ETA and pay a £10 ($13) fee, even if they did not leave the airport during their transit. The decision aims to simplify transit travel and maintain the competitiveness of the UK’s busiest airports.
Why Was the ETA Rule Introduced?
The ETA scheme was initially introduced as part of broader immigration measures designed to enhance border security and address illegal migration. However, the policy faced backlash from the aviation industry, with officials at London Heathrow—Europe’s busiest airport for international connections—expressing concerns about its impact on passenger numbers.
Heathrow warned that requiring an ETA for transit passengers could deter travelers from using the airport as a hub, redirecting millions of passengers to rival airports in Europe and beyond. Manchester Airport, which also facilitates airside transit but on a smaller scale, echoed similar concerns.
Government Responds to Industry Feedback
Acknowledging the challenges raised by the aviation sector, the UK government announced a temporary exemption for airside transit passengers. In a statement released on January 16, 2025, the Home Office said:
“Following feedback from the aviation industry, the government has agreed a temporary exemption for passengers who transit airside and therefore do not pass through UK Border Control. This exemption will be kept under review.”
Heathrow’s Chief Executive, Thomas Woldby, welcomed the reversal, emphasising its importance for maintaining the UK’s reputation as a global transit hub:
“The removal of airside transit passengers from the ETA scheme is the right decision and ensures Heathrow and the wider aviation industry can continue to deliver world-leading connectivity. This shows the government is responsive to industry concerns and committed to strengthening the UK’s competitiveness.”
Who Still Needs an ETA?
While airside transit passengers are exempt from the ETA requirement, other travelers must comply starting April 2, 2025. This includes EU, EEA, and Swiss citizens, who will need an ETA unless they fall into one of the following categories:
- UK or Irish citizens.
- Holders of a UK visa.
- Travelers from Ireland, Guernsey, Jersey, or the Isle of Man.
Non-Europeans, including citizens of the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand already require an ETA for entering the UK.
How to Apply for an ETA
For those who require an ETA, the process is simple and can be completed online or through the UK ETA app. Applicants need:
- A valid passport.
- A digital photo.
- Travel details.
- A debit or credit card for the £10 fee.
ETAs are valid for two years or until the passport expires, whichever comes first.
Maintaining UK Aviation Competitiveness
This exemption for airside transit passengers demonstrates the UK government’s willingness to adapt policies in response to industry feedback. London Heathrow and Manchester are the only UK airports with airside transit facilities, making this decision critical for retaining their status as preferred global transit hubs.
Although the exemption is described as temporary, its continuation will likely depend on its impact on passenger numbers and the aviation industry’s performance. For now, travelers transiting through the UK can enjoy a smoother journey without the need for an ETA, reaffirming the UK’s role as a key player in international travel.
